Reader in Mathematics at the University of Pisa, 1599-1612, Antonio Santucci was an astronomer and cosmographer to Grand Duke Ferdinand I (1549-1609) and later Cosimo II (1590-1621). He authored a treatise in 1593, commissioned by Ferdinand I, on the mathematical and surveying instruments in the Guardaroba Medicea collection. His monumental armillary spheres are famous: one, made in 1582 for King Philip II of Spain, is now at the Escorial in Madrid; the other, built in 1588-1593 for the Sala delle Matematiche in the Uffizi, is now at the Museo Galileo.