It is to the sensitivity of Francesco I (1541-1587) that we also owe the founding of the Uffizi Gallery, initially used as a place for collecting masterpieces of ancient and modern art, but soon become the 'temple' of science as well. Upon assuming the title of Grand Duke, his brother Ferdinando I (1549-1609) immediately resumed his father's cosmographic project, which Francesco had only partially continued. He did not finish the "Guardaroba" in Palazzo Vecchio but had a new "Room of Cosmography" set up in the Uffizi Gallery. If this room was the image of the world and of political power, the nearby Room of Military Architecture, better known as "Stanzino delle Matematiche" (Mathematics Room), was the image of cultural power. As suggested by some of the scenes painted on the ceiling, battles are not won with weapons alone but with commitment and knowledge as well.